Fig. 9

Comparison of end-diastolic vortex formation in a normal subject and a DCM patient. The vortex structures of one healthy (left) and HCM (right) model are compared. The major vortex structure remains strong, like a cirrostratus cloud, at the end of diastole. The major vortex in the disease model is rolled up deeply toward the apex, and it is dissipated into connected small vortices [22] (Reprinted from [22], with permission from IEEE)