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Table 2 Transmural isotherm depths and ice volumes for varying initial freezing phase durations

From: Simulation and evaluation of freeze-thaw cryoablation scenarios for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias

Thaw start

1F

1T

2F

(s)

-10°C

-20°C

IV

-10°C

-20°C

IV

-10°C

-20°C

IV

 

(mm)

(mm)

(mm 3 )

(mm)

(mm)

(mm 3 )

(mm)

(mm)

(mm 3 )

90

3.6

2.7

230

1.9

0.0

64

4.5

3.2

328

150

4.1

3.0

286

2.5

0.0

95

4.4

3.2

322

210

4.3

3.1

314

2.8

0.0

110

4.3

3.1

310

  1. Transmural depths of selected isotherms and ice (tissue below solidus temperature of -10°C) volumes (IV) for ablation protocols with varying starting times of interim thawing phase of 10 s and a cumulated freezing duration of 300 s.