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Table 3 The bio-implanted inductive coupling links used for wireless power transmission

From: Energy harvesting for the implantable biomedical devices: issues and challenges

Coil shape

Tx-Coil (mm)

Rx-Coil (mm)

Carrier frequency (MHz)

Distance (mm)

Modulation technique

Application

References

Circular

-

(5 × 8 × 2)

4

5

Downlink-ASK Uplink-LSK

Neural recording system

[84] 1998

Circular

50

20

4

28

-

EEG signal detection

[57] 2005

Tx-solenoid Rx-Cylinder

din = 410

10 × 13

1

205

-

endoscopy

[72] 2006

L = 300

Spiral pancake

dout = 52

dout = 10

6.78

10

ASK

brine

[67] 2007

din = 10

din = 5

Tx-spiral coil Rx-rectangular

dout = 44

4 × 8

13.56

40

LSK

Subcutaneous tissue

[85] 2009

Square

(2 × 2) cm2

(2 × 2) mm2

915

15

_

 

[86] 2009

Spiral rectangular

62 × 25

25 × 10

13.56

10

ASK

Implanted micro-system

[87] 2011

Spiral square

70 × 8

20 × 8

1-5

10

ASK

 

[88] 2012

Circular

dout = 38

dout = 18

742 KHz

10

_

Neural recording system

[89] 2012

din = 36

din = 16

Spiral circular

dout = 56

dout = 11.6

13.56

22

ASK

Nerves and muscles stimulator

[91] 2014

din = 10

din = 5